Pediatric Airway Anatomy

The main site of airway resistance in the adult is the upper airway. Knowledge of the functional anatomy of the airway in children forms the basis of understanding the pathological conditions that may occur.

Airway Anatomy

In order to open the paediatric airway and gain the best view of the laryngeal inlet the oral pharyngeal and tracheal axes must be brought into alignment.

Pediatric airway anatomy. Infants up to one year old have a large occiput which flexes the neck when the infant lies supine on a flat surface. The paediatric airway differs from that of adults in terms of anatomy and there are important management implications. Specific issues in the management of the pediatric airway.

Knowledge of the functional anatomy of the airway in children forms the basis of understanding the pathological conditions that may occur. Pediatric airways are often challenging due to the size of the patient. To achieve a neutral position.

Predictably these differences are most pronounced at birth and the most unfamiliar non adult like airway is encountered in neonates and infants under 1 year of age. However it has been shown that peripheral airway resistance in children younger than 5 years of age is four times higher than adults the major site of resistance is the medium sized bronchi. With a smaller body size comes an increase in the precision needed to successfully maintain airway patency if any injury or insult to the airway occurs.

This in turn allows a comprehensive assessment of the pediatric airway to take place including a detailed medical history clinical examination and specific investigative procedures. This requires suitable patient positioning during preparation for intubation and differs based on the age of the child. The airway changes in size shape and position throughout its development from the neonate to the adult 1.

This in turn allows a comprehensive assessment of the pediatric airway to take place including a detailed. The airway of the pediatric patient differs in many ways which impact the anesthesiologists management of the airway.

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